Colloidal Photonic Crystals Doped with Gold Nanoparticles: Spectroscopy and Optical Switching Properties

Polystyrene artificial opals with few gold nanoparticles (AuNp) embedded in the interstices (doping) are grown by using the meniscus technique starting from a mixed suspension of microspheres and AuNp. Samples having different sphere diameters and nanoparticle loads have been prepared. Their reflectance spectra clearly show a dramatic bathochromic shift of the photonic stop band (up to 1400 cm^–1) and a reduction of its full width half maximum, due to an increase of the effective refractive index of about 8 % with respect to bare opals, which is accounted for by analytical theoretical models. Reflectance spectra do not show any direct evidence of AuNp absorption even at the higher AuNp doping level. Nanosecond transient absorption measurements on these systems indicate that a variation of transmission (optical switching) of about 150 % is observed for AuNp doped opals upon photoexcitation with 9 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. No switching is instead observed for bare opals.     

2003 Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Science of Psychology.

Presents the 2003 American Psychological Foundation's Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Science of Psychology, which was presented to Robert Rosenthal. A biography of Rosenthal is provided, along with a selected bibliography and the text of the award citation: "For outstanding scientific contributions that have had a profound influence on research methods, empirical investigations, theory, and applications. Robert Rosenthal's seminal research on interpersonal expectancy inspired hundreds of studies with applications within and beyond psychology. His amplification of experimenter- and subject-related artifacts and his insights about ethical issues have improved the way that research is conducted. His statistical contributions are classic and wide ranging, including his body of work on meta-analysis and contrast analysis and his formulation of valuable procedures, such as the binomial effect-size display and counternull statistics. An exceptional scientist, teacher, mentor, and author, Rosenthal, with his generous and brilliant touch, has shaped the lives and work of countless others." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Practice of Psychology.

Announces the 2007 recipient of the Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Practice of Psychology: Patricia M. Bricklin. A brief biography, highlighting areas of special focus in Bricklin's work, is provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in Psychology in the Public Interest.

Announces the 2007 recipient of the Gold Medal Award for Life Achievement in the Psychology in the Public Interest: Rhoda K. Unger. A brief biography, highlighting areas of special focus in Unger's work, is provided. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

油管电热清防蜡技术在强水敏油田的应用

江苏油田的庄 2、韦 2油田属强水敏油田 ,采用热 (水 )洗油井和化学清防蜡效果较差 ,两油田每年因洗井造成地层污染影响的产量损失在 5 0 0 0t以上 ,约占油田产量的 4 5 %。根据集肤效应 ,采用油管电热清蜡技术 ,在含水小于 6 0 %、井斜小于 4 0°的油井上可正常使用 ,一般通电加热 4 0～ 80min后 ,油井井口温度能达到 5 0℃左右 ,最高可达到 6 5℃以上 ,连续加热 5～ 6h即可达到清蜡目的 ,电热清蜡为周期 6 0～ 90d。影响电热清蜡主要指标因素是油井的产液量 ,产液量越小 ,所需要的加热电流和加热电压也越小 ,井口温度达到最高值越低 ,清蜡效果越差。试验的 7口井平均年度投入产出比达到 1∶5 ,经济效益和社会效益十分明显。     

采金船采选工艺流程病症诊治专家系统

应用专家系统理论，建立了采金船采选工艺流程病症诊治专家系统，此系统对于采金船采选工艺流程中存在的技术病症，具有诊断、治理及致因分析等功能．     

The role of carbon deposition on precious metal catalyst activity during dry reforming of biogas

Gold and palladium were supported on a mesoporous TiO₂ for total oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Mesoporous high surface area titania support was synthesised using of Ti(OC₂H₅)₂ in the presence of CTMABr surfactant. After removing the surfactant molecules, 0.5 or 1.5 wt% of palladium and 1 wt% of gold were precipitated on the support by, respectively, wet impregnation and deposition–precipitation methods. The activity for toluene and propene total oxidation of the prereduced samples follows the same order: 0.5%Pd-1%Au/TiO₂ > 1.5%Pd/TiO₂ > 0.5%Pd/TiO₂ > 1%Au-0.5%Pd/TiO₂ > 1%Au/TiO₂ > TiO₂. Moreover, a catalytic comparison with samples based on a conventional TiO₂, shows the catalytic advantage of the mesoporous TiO₂ support. The promotional effect of gold added to palladium could be partly explained by small metallic particles (TEM), but meanly by metallic particles made up of Au-rich core with a Pd-rich shell. Moreover, the hydrogen TPR profile of 0.5%Pd-1%Au/TiO₂ shows only the signal attributed to small PdO particles. Gold also implies a protecting effect of the support under reduction atmosphere. Operando diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy was carried on and allowed to follow the VOCs oxidation and the formation of coke molecules, but also a metallic electrodonor effect to the adsorbed molecule which increases in the same order as the activity for oxidation reaction. The presence of coke after test was also shown by DTA–TGA by exothermic signals between 300 and 500 °C and by EPR (g = 2.003).     

Accumulation of amplified target DNAs using thiol/biotin labeling, S1 nuclease, and ferrocene-streptavidin-magnetic system and a direct detection of specific DNA signals with screen printed gold electrode

Combinations of PCR-based amplification platform using 5′ thiolated and biotinylated specific primers, S1 nuclease-PCR products treatment, ferrocene-streptavidin (Fc-Stv)-magnetic binding for DNA accumulation, and screen printed gold electrode for the DNA allocation, were applied to Hoechst 33258-induced DNA aggregation and signals induction system for direct signals detection and DNA quantification in food samples. Thiolated and biotinylated at each 5′ terminus enabled DNA purification through S1 nuclease treatment for primers and non-specific DNA elimination and enabled DNA trapping with a ferrocene-streptavidin-magnetic system. This facilitated the accumulation of target DNAs at higher concentration, resulting in enhanced signals. After allocation of DNA on the surface of gold electrode via thiol binding, intensity of DNA signals through these treatments could be measured directly after being induced by Hoechst 33258. Wider amplitude changes in anodic current peaks between negative and positive samples (increasing from 3.70 to 10.10 μA) compared with those applied with no treatment combinations (decreasing from 3.92 to 1.23 μA) were observed. This enhancement of the signals allowed a greater efficiency of DNA quantification. When this combination was used for GMOs content estimation in reference samples, results revealed an improved accuracy from 66% to 96%. The combined biosensor system, although more costly than the standard Hoechst 33258/carbon electrode system, provided an alternative choice for DNA quantification, offering labor-free immobilization of probe onto electrode surface, easy test administration, and efficient semi-quantitative test without expensive instruments.